The working principle of optical fiber welding machine

The working principle of optical fiber welding machine is mainly based on high-precision alignment and high-voltage arc welding technology to achieve efficient and low-loss connection of two optical fibers. Specifically, its working principle can be summarized in the following steps:

First, optical fiber alignment

Image recognition and alignment:

When parallel light shines on the fiber from the side, the light and dark image between the core and the cladding and between the cladding and the air can be observed due to the refraction of the fiber.

The optical fiber splicer uses an objective lens to focus these images onto a charge-coupled device (CCD), convert them into analog video signals, and then convert them into digital signals through an analog/digital conversion circuit.

The digital signal is processed and recognized by the microprocessor, which allows the alignment of the core and cladding to be visually displayed. Modern optical fiber splicing machine mostly uses PAS (passive alignment) system to ensure the accurate alignment of the fiber core.

Optical fiber placement and fixation:

The two cut optical fibers are cleaned and placed in the fixture of the welding machine to ensure that the end faces of the optical fibers are flat and free of impurities.

The optical fiber is placed in a V-shaped slot and secured by optical fiber platen and clamp to ensure stability during the welding process.

Second, preheating and cleaning

Before welding, the optical fiber welding machine preheats and shapes the optical fiber end face to remove minor defects and moisture that may exist.

At the same time, the optical fiber surface is cleaned by short time discharge to further ensure the cleanliness of the welding surface.

Third, high voltage arc welding

Arc discharge:

After the gap between the fiber end faces is suitable, the weld will reduce the gap to the final set value.

At this time, the arc generated by the high voltage discharge fuses the left fiber into the right fiber to realize the connection of the fiber.

Promotion and integration:

At the same time of the arc discharge, the high-precision motion mechanism will gently advance the two optical fibers, so that the melted optical fiber ends gradually fuse into one.

In the welding process, it is necessary to precisely control the temperature of the arc, the discharge time and the advancing speed of the fiber to ensure the welding quality and low loss.

Fourth, loss estimation and follow-up treatment

After the welding is completed, the microprocessor will estimate the welding loss according to the dislocation, deformation, bubble and other factors of the fiber core joint, and display the value on the display.

If the estimated loss value is higher than expected, the discharge welding operation can be re-performed to reduce the loss.

Finally, the fused fiber is removed and the fusion point is reinforced with a heater, usually by moving the heat shrink tube to the fusion point and heating it to shrink, in order to protect the fusion point and improve the mechanical strength of the fiber.

In summary, the fiber welding machine realizes the efficient and low loss connection of two fibers through the steps of high-precision alignment, preheating and cleaning, high-voltage arc welding and loss estimation. This technology is widely used in the field of optical communication, and is of great significance to ensure the stability and reliability of communication networks.

Chengdu Focus Infra Materials Co.,Ltd is a global business trading company. The company focused on the field of fiber optical networks and data communications, our products are widely used in telecommunication transmission network systems, wide area networks, FTTH, FTTX, FTTA and security monitoring systems. Products mainly include：heat shrink tubes, cold shrink tubes, joint closures, terminal connector, terminal box, fiber optic splice closure, PLC splitter, fiber pigtail, FTTH accessories.